Building a leg lock system

This block is built around four guard skills applied sequentially to leg locks. Every position, drill, and sparring round should trace back to one of these four pillars. The goal is not just to learn new positions — it is to understand where each one sits in the system and why it leads to the next.

We are working through this in a deliberate order: first making connection with a guard, then learning to maintain that connection under pressure, then using it to destabilise our partner's base, and finally attacking with the appropriate submission. Do not jump ahead to the finish before you own the position before it.

Compatible Rule Sets
The techniques in this block are legal under IBJJF Brown & Black Belt, ADCC, and Grappling Industries rulesets. If you are competing at a lower belt level, heel hooks, kneebars, and toe holds may not apply — but the guard connections, entanglements, and straight ankle lock absolutely still do. The control and positional skills transfer regardless of what you are permitted to finish with.

Four skills, one cycle

Everything in this block follows the same four-step cycle. The cycle always starts at Step 01 — making connection with a guard. From there, you work through each phase until you reach and attempt a submission. If your submission is defended, or your partner escapes at any point, you return to Step 01 and begin again. If your guard is passed, recover it first, then re-establish your connection.

There is one exception: if your partner pulls guard, they have already removed their own base. You do not need to destabilise them — they have done that themselves. Skip Step 01 entirely and enter the cycle at Step 02, moving directly into a leg entanglement.

The Four-Skill Cycle

01
Make
Connection
Open guard
02
Maintain
Connection
Ashi garami
03
Destabilise
Knock hips / reap
04
Attack
Heel hook / lock
ResetAny escape or guard pass → recover your guard and return to Step 01
ExceptionPartner pulls guard (already destabilised) → skip Step 01 and enter at Step 02
⚠ Cycle Rules
  • The cycle always starts at Step 01 — make a connection with a guard before anything else
  • If your partner escapes at any point in the cycle — return to Step 01
  • If your guard is passed — recover your guard first, then re-establish your connection at Step 01
  • Exception: if your partner pulls guard, they are already destabilised — skip Step 01 and enter at Step 02

Each section below corresponds to one or more phases of this cycle. When you are drilling, name the phase you are working. When you are sparring, stay aware of where you are in the sequence — and when things break down, trace back to the last stable phase and re-enter from there.

Guard Connections

These are your initial entry guards — the first contact point with the leg locking system. Your job from these positions is not to finish; it is to establish a meaningful connection that you can transition into a leg entanglement. Think of the guard as the door, not the room.

Several of these guards come in pairs. Whether your opponent is standing or kneeling changes the weight and timing, but the sequences and mechanics are nearly identical — you do not need to learn them as separate guards. Shin on Shin and Butterfly Guard are effectively the same position. The same is true of Reverse De La Riva and Knee Shield.

Mechanical Equivalents
Shin on Shin (standing opponent) ↔ Butterfly Guard (kneeling opponent)
Reverse De La Riva (standing opponent) ↔ Knee Shield (kneeling opponent)

Do not treat these as four separate guards to learn independently. Understand the mechanics once and apply them in both contexts.

Shin on Shin / Seated Open Guard

Your primary entry guard and the starting point for the majority of this block's sequences. From here you will be transitioning directly into Single Leg X. Get comfortable connecting to this position from the seated guard before trying to rush into the entanglement — a poor shin-on-shin connection makes everything downstream harder.

K-Guard

K-Guard is a more specialised position with a direct and reliable path to backside 50/50 and a kneebar option. It is less of a general entry guard and more of a targeted weapon — use it when the opportunity presents itself rather than as a default starting point.

Reverse De La Riva

Reverse De La Riva is your platform for two specific sequences: the Imanari Roll into the saddle, and the False Reap into the saddle. Both paths lead to the inside heel hook and both are high-percentage against a standing opponent. These are worth drilling until the entry feels automatic.

Leg Entanglements

Once you have established a guard connection, your next job is to transition into a leg entanglement. These are your maintain and destabilise positions — the positions you hold, cycle between, and use to remove your opponent's defensive base before attacking.

You will often move between entanglements before finding a finish, and this is correct. The goal is to exhaust your opponent's options by cycling through positions until the right attack opens. Do not commit to a submission attempt too early — wait until you have genuinely destabilised their hips.

⚠ A Note on Naming
Because there are a limited number of ways to enter the legs, there is significant overlap between some of these positions. The False Reap, for example, is mechanically a re-application of the Reverse X-Guard backstep into the saddle — not a distinct system. Do not let different names confuse you. Focus on the mechanics and the joint stress being created.

Irimi Ashi Garami — Single Leg X

Your primary leg entanglement and the position you will spend most of your time in during this block. Almost every Shin on Shin sequence passes through here. Learn to hold it, feel the pressure against a resistant partner, and transition out of it fluently. This is the hub of the system.

Inside Ashi Garami — the Saddle

Also known as the Honey Hole, Cross Ashi, or Inside Sankaku. This is your primary attacking position for the inside heel hook. Once you are here with good control, your opponent's defensive options are limited. The saddle video above covers entry in detail — study it alongside the heel hook mechanics in Section 03.

Outside Ashi Garami

Your primary platform for the outside heel hook. The critical detail here is grip: use a shotgun or Achilles grip, not a scoop grip. The scoop grip exposes your back to a leg drag counter. Keep your inside knee framing the centre line to maintain distance and prevent them from wedging behind you.

50/50 and Backside 50/50

These are your mutual entanglement positions. Backside 50/50 — where both athletes are facing the same direction — is the preferable position for finishing the inside heel hook, because it limits your opponent's rotation. From standard 50/50 you have access to straight ankle locks, toe holds, and the Woj Lock.

Special entries — Imanari Roll and False Reap

Both of these are dynamic ways to enter the saddle from Reverse De La Riva. The Imanari Roll is a rolling entry from standing — high commitment, high reward when timed well. The False Reap is a more controlled backstep-style entry that shares its underlying mechanics with the Reverse X-Guard saddle entry. If you understand the backstep concept, both entries click immediately.

Submissions

These are the breaks — applied from the specific entanglements listed in Section 02. Part of this block is learning which finish belongs to which position. If you are fighting hard for a submission that does not fit your current entanglement, the problem is usually the position, not the finish. Go back a step.

⚠ Rule Set Legality
  • Straight Ankle Lock — legal at all belt levels in all formats
  • Aoki Lock and Woj Lock — permitted at Brown/Black under IBJJF; verify with your specific tournament at lower levels
  • Inside Heel Hook — IBJJF Brown & Black Belt and above only
  • Outside Heel Hook — IBJJF Brown & Black Belt and above only
  • Kneebar and Toe Hold — IBJJF Brown & Black Belt and above only
  • All of the above are legal under ADCC and Grappling Industries formats

Inside Heel Hook

Your primary finish from the Saddle and Backside 50/50. Study the mechanics carefully and apply pressure slowly in training — the inside heel hook is the most dangerous submission in this system. There is very little warning before serious knee damage occurs, which means both athletes need to understand it. Tap early, apply slowly.

Outside Heel Hook

Your primary finish from Outside Ashi Garami and the reap position. The outside heel hook attacks the lateral knee structures and can be applied while your opponent is still upright — do not wait for them to be flat on the mat before engaging the finish.

Kneebar

Available from Reverse X-Guard, K-Guard, and SLX. The kneebar is mechanically similar to an armbar — you hyperextend the knee along a straight line rather than applying rotational torque. It is available from positions where a heel hook is not, making it a valuable alternative when your partner defends the saddle entry well.

Ankle locks — Straight, Aoki, and Woj

Three ankle locks, all operating from the same platforms — primarily SLX, Outside Ashi, and 50/50 — but with different mechanical angles. The straight ankle lock applies linear extension through the Achilles. The Aoki Lock applies rotational pressure from inside the ashi garami and is closer to an inside heel hook in its effect. The Woj Lock (a reverse Aoki) creates a corkscrew ankle compression from a different grip angle — it is difficult to anticipate and remains effective even when opponents are defending the more common locks.

Learn the straight ankle lock first. Add the Aoki and Woj once you are secure in the base position — they are best understood as upgrades from the straight lock, not separate techniques.

Toe Hold

Available from 50/50 and Outside Ashi. The toe hold is fast, deceptive, and often unseen by an opponent focused on defending the heel hook. It uses a figure-four grip on the foot to apply rotational ankle and knee stress. Keep it in your back pocket for moments when your primary attacks are being anticipated.

Training Sequences

These are your initial drill sequences. Each one maps a complete chain: entry guard through to submission. Drill the full chain, not just the finish — the transitions between steps are where the real technique lives. Anyone can squeeze a heel once they have it; the skill is everything that comes before.

As you will notice, Shin on Shin and Single Leg X appear in almost every sequence below. This is deliberate. SLX connects to more entanglements and more submissions than any other position in the system. Own it before you diversify.

Key Guard / connection Leg entanglement Destabilise Submission

Shin on Shin → SLX → Saddle and Kneebar paths

Backstep / Reverse X entries

Shin on Shin SLX Reverse X-Guard Saddle Inside Heel Hook
Shin on Shin SLX Reverse X-Guard Kneebar
The kneebar is available when your partner defends the saddle entry and their leg is straightened — use it as your backup when the backstep does not land cleanly.

Shin on Shin → SLX → Reap paths

Outside attacks from the reap

Shin on Shin SLX Reap Outside Heel Hook
Shin on Shin SLX Reap Roll Hips Down Saddle Inside Heel Hook

Shin on Shin → SLX → Knock Hips Down paths

Ankle lock attacks

Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down Straight Ankle Lock
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down Aoki Lock

Shin on Shin → SLX → 50/50 paths

Full attack options from 50/50

Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down 50/50 Inside Heel Hook
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down 50/50 Straight Ankle Lock
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down 50/50 Woj Lock
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down 50/50 Toe Hold
50/50 has the widest submission variety of any position in this block. Learn all four — the threat of multiple options is what makes the position genuinely dangerous.

Shin on Shin → SLX → Outside Ashi paths

Outside ashi attack options

Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down Outside Ashi Straight Ankle Lock
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down Outside Ashi Outside Heel Hook
Shin on Shin SLX Knock Hips Down Outside Ashi Toe Hold

K-Guard paths

K-Guard sequences

K-Guard Backside 50/50 Inside Heel Hook
K-Guard Backside 50/50 50/50 Inside Heel Hook
K-Guard Kneebar

Reverse De La Riva paths

RDLR sequences

Reverse De La Riva Imanari Roll Saddle Inside Heel Hook
Reverse De La Riva False Reap Saddle Inside Heel Hook
Both entries lead to the same place. The Imanari Roll is higher commitment; the False Reap gives you more control over the timing. Drill both — use whichever your partner gives you.